Yarn and knitted wearing apparel produced therefrom



Febv 14, 1933. HEMMERlCH 1,897,051

. YARN AND KNITTED WEARING APPAREL PRODUCED THEREFROM Filed Nov. 20,19:51

Ems l INVENTOR: 0 iii 41110110 0,

BY 9 v g JMW/ ATTOR EYI Patented Pole. '14, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE HUGO RENEE 31:03 01 WYOMISSDVG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TOBERKSHIRE KNITTING MILLS, F WYOMISSING, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENN- SYLVANIA YARN .AN'D KNITTED WEARING APPAREL PRODUCED Applicationfiled November 20, 1931. Serial 1V0. 576,815.

This invention relates to finely knitted wearing apparel, articularly tohosiery, and to the sllk or synt etic yarns used in its production.

The prime requisites of fabric quality and appearance in finely knitteda parel such as ladies hosiery, are elasticity, s eerness, firmness andstrength, combined with a rich dull luster finish. High-twist yarns,such as grenadine, crepe, compensene, etc., have heretofore beenutilized in this branch of the knitting art because each, in a limitedway, imparts one or more of these desirable characteristics to finelyknitted fabrics. In general, however, these yarns are not satisfactorilysuited to this purpose for several reasons. Chief among these may bementioned their limited contribution to the essential requisites of thefinished fabric, and their unavoidable high production cost due toinvoived and extensive twisting Clue object of my invention is toprovide a novel yarn more ideally adapted for this purpose in that itnot only imparts to lmitted wearing apparelall of the mentionedessential requisites, but enhances or intensifies the latter, and which,due to its construction, can be more quickly and easily produced at afraction of the cost of the heretofore used high-twist yarns.

i attain these results in the manner disclosed by the following detaileddescription and accompanying drawingof severalillustrative embodimentsof the invention, reference to which will make the above and otherobjects, as well as attendant advantages, more readily apparent.

- the drawing 2- Fig. l is a side elevational view of a stocking, andillustrates one knitted article embodying my invention; the usual loopformation of the improved knittedfahric being inicated on a greatlyenlarged scale.

Fi s. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate various forms of my novel yarn.

In accordance with my invention, the intensification of the desirablecharacteristics above ointed out, is attained in a knitted fabric oy theuse of a yarn in which twisted and nntwisted filaments or strands arecomgree of Sheerness, quality and fine appearance.

Considering the yarn in its broader aspects,

the twisted and untwisted strands are united as follows: One or more ofthe constituent strands are first given acomparatively high twist in onedirection, these are then combined with one or more untwisted'strands,and this combination is united by a final twisting-together in thedirection opposite to that of the twist of the first mentioned strands.Preferably, although not necessarily, the proportion of twisted strandsto untwisted strands is such that the latter are in the majority.

. In comparison with the construction of the above mentioned high-twistyarns the amount of twisting involved in my novel yarn is, therefore,considerably less. F urthermore, the hardness and harshness of suchyarns is overcome by the presence of the softer untwisted strands. Thelatter also impart a desirable amount of glow to the stockings which hasthe well known slen derizing effect on the leg of the wearer; andfinally make the yarn knit better.

- The degree of intensity, particularly as to the depth and richness ofthe dull-luster effect of the knitted fabric, can, of course,

be varied within wide limits by varying the twists and proportion oftwisted to untwisted strands.

In the following description of several practical forms of my novelyarn, I shall, for

convenience, refer to the untwisted strands -as comprising group A, andthe twisted improved yarn shown, mainly illustrate possible variationsin the number and twisting of the strands in group B, and the finaltwist imparted when uniting groups A and B to form the yarn Y.

Specifically considering the yarn Y of Fig. 2, the single strand 5,comprising oup B, is twisted approximately thirty-six turns per inch tothe right and combined with three untwisted/strands 6, 7 and 8comprising group A; both groups A and B being unitedly-twisted to theleft about thirty-two turns per inch.

The yarn Y of Fig. 3, is composed of three untwisted strands 9, 10 and11 in group A,

two strands 12-and 13 in group B twisted approximately thirty turns perinch to the right, and both groups A and B unitedlytwisted to the leftat the rate of about twentyseven turns per inch.

In Fig. 4, group A consists of three untwisted strands 14, 15 and 16;grou B of two strands 17 and 18 first individually twisted approximatelysixty turns per inch to the right and then combined by united-twistingto the right; groups A and B being finally twisted together at the rateof about twentyseven turns per inch to the left to form the yarn Y.

It is to be understood that the limits of twist specifically iven inthese three instances for the in ividual strands forming group B, andalso for the uniting twist given all the strands comprising the yarn, issomewhat elastic and depends on the intensity of g the characteristicsof quality and appearance desired.

The yarn Y is knitted into a fabric in the usual and well known manner,one desirable loop formation being illustrated in Fig. 1; such knittedfabric incorporating the intensified characteristics of qualit andappearance above pointed out. Obvlously, knitted lace fabrics aresimilarly enhanced if produced with this yarn.

Of course, the improvements specifically sfi wn and described can bechanged and modified in various ways without departing from theinvention herein disclosed and hereinafter claimed.

I claim: 1. A knitting arn composed of two on s one direction, one ofsaid groups inclu ing one or more untwisted strands, and the other groupincludin one or more strands individually twiste in the directionopposite to said united-twisting.

2. A knittin yarn composed of two groups of strands com med by acomparatively high united-twisting in one direction, one of said groupsincluding one or more untwisted strands, and the other group includingone or more strands individually given a comparatively high twist in thedirection opposite to said united-twisting.

of strands com 'of strands com ined by united-twistin in proxlmatelyslxty turns 3. A knitting tyarn composed of two groups of strands comined by united-twisting in one direction, one of said groups comprisingthree untwisted strands, and the other group comprising one strandtwisted in the direction opposite to said united-twisting.

4. A knitting yarn composed of two groups ined by united-twisting rn onedirection, one of said groups comprising three untwisted strands, andthe other group comprising two strands individually twisted in thedirection opposite to said united-twist- 5. A knittin yarn composed oftwo groups of stran s combined by united-twisting in one direction, oneof said groups comprising three untwisted strands, and the other groupcomprising two strands first individually twisted in the directionopposite to said united-twisting and then united by a furthercombined-twisting 1n the same direction of twist as that imparted to theindivid= 'ually twisted strands.

6. A knitting yarn composed of two groups of strands combined byunited-twisting in one direction at the rate of approximately thirty-twoturns per inch, one of said groups comprising three untwisted strands,and the other group comprising one strand twisted in the directionopposite to said united-twist- 95 ing at the rate of approximatelythirty-six turns per inch.

7. A knitting yarn composed of two roups of strands combined byunited-twistmg in one direction at the rate of approxi- 10o matelytwenty-seven turns pier inch, one of said groups comprising .t reeuntwisted strands, and the other group comprising two strandsindividually twisted in the direction opposite to said united-twistingat the rate 105 0 approximately sixty turns per inch and then united bycombined-twisting in the same direction as said individual strands.

8. A knitting arn composed of two groups of strands com ined byunited-twisting 1n one direction at the rate of more than twen-- ty-fiveturns per inch, one of said groups comprising three untwisted strands,and t e other group comprising two strands first individually twisted inthe direction opposite to said combined twisting at the rate of ap rinch and then united by combined-twisting in the same direction as'saidindividual strands.

9. A knitted fabric embodying ayarn composed of two groups of strandscombined by a comparatively high united-twisting in one direction, oneof said groups including one or more untwisted strands, and the othergroup including one or more strands individually given a. comparativelyhigh twist in the direction opposite to said unitedtwisting.

10. As a new article'of manufacture, a stocking embodying a yarncomposed of two If 0 groups of stands combined by united-twistmg m onedirection, one of said gmups in-' cludin one or more untwisted strands,and the 0 er group includin one or more strands individuall twi in thedirection opfiosite to said un1ted-twisting.

testimony whereof I afiix my signsture.

HUGO HElfllERICH.

